Emperor Huan of Han (Liu Zhi)

Liu Zhi was Emperor Huan of Han (Liu Zhi), an emperor of the Eastern Han. He is mentioned in Chapters 1, 2, and 38 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.^[1][2][3]

Deeds

• The Cao Man Zhuan, appended to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, records that Cao Teng was a longtime retainer of Emperor Huan. After Emperor Huan ascended the throne, he enfeoffed Cao Teng as Marquis of Feiting and granted him the rank of Grandee of the Palace. (Historical record)^[4]
• Chapter 1 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms says that Emperor Huan proscribed virtuous men and trusted eunuchs, laying the foundations for the Han dynasty’s troubles. (Novel)^[1]
• Chapter 2 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms says that Emperor Huan had no sons and summoned the son of the Marquis of Jieduting to become emperor: Emperor Ling. (Novel)^[2]
• Chapter 38 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms sums up the Han court’s decline with the phrase, “By the reigns of Huan and Ling, it had fallen apart once more.” (Novel)^[3]

Relationships

• He and Cao Teng had a ruler-retainer relationship. After ascending the throne, Emperor Huan enfeoffed Cao Teng as Marquis of Feiting and granted him the rank of Grandee of the Palace. (Historical record)^[4]
• He had no sons and summoned the son of the Marquis of Jieduting to succeed him as Emperor Ling. (Novel)^[2]